How to Tell the Difference Between Male and Female Turkeys: A Comprehensive Guide

Have you ever wondered how to tell the difference between a male and female turkey? While they may seem similar at first glance, there are several key differences that can help you distinguish between the sexes.

We’ll look at how to distinguish between male and female turkeys in this guide, covering everything from their behavior and vocalizations to their physical characteristics. So prepare to learn everything there is to know about these amazing birds by grabbing your binoculars!

Physical Appearance: A Tale of Two Turkeys

Size and Shape

The size difference between male and female turkeys is one of the most obvious The male turkeys, referred to as gobblers or toms, are considerably bigger than the females, called hens. Hens weigh about 8 to 12 pounds, and gobblers usually weigh between 15 and 25 pounds. Furthermore, gobblers are taller than hens, with a 48-inch body length as opposed to a hen’s 36-inch body length.

Plumage and Coloration

The plumage and coloration of male and female turkeys also differ significantly. Gobblers sport vibrant and iridescent feathers, with a distinctive metallic sheen that can range from bronze to green to purple. Their breast feathers are tipped with black, and they often have a long, flowing beard of feathers on their chests.

Hens, on the other hand, have duller and more neutral-colored plumage. Their feathers are typically brown or gray, with brown-tipped breast feathers. They usually lack the beard that is so prominent on gobblers.

Head Features: Snoods, Wattles, and Caruncles

Male and female turkeys also have different head features. Gobblers have a fleshy protuberance hanging from their bills called a snood. This snood can be quite long and droopy especially when the gobbler is excited or displaying. Hens on the other hand, have a much shorter and less noticeable snood.

Both male and female turkeys have wattles, which are fleshy lobes hanging from their throats. However, the wattles of gobblers are much larger and more pronounced than those of hens. Additionally, both sexes have caruncles, which are wart-like bumps on their heads. However, the caruncles of gobblers are larger and more brightly colored than those of hens.

Behavior: Gobblers Strut, Hens Cluck

The behavior of male and female turkeys also provides clues to their sex. Gobblers are known for their flamboyant displays, puffing up their feathers fanning out their tails and strutting around in an attempt to attract females. They also make a distinctive “gobble” sound, which is a loud and booming call that can be heard from a long distance.

Hens, on the other hand, are more subdued in their behavior. They typically spend their time foraging for food and caring for their young. They speak to each other and their young by making a variety of quiet clucking noises.

Vocalizations: Gobbles vs. Clucks

As mentioned above, the vocalizations of male and female turkeys are quite different. Hens make a variety of soft clucking sounds, but gobblers make a loud and booming “gobble” sound. The gobble is used to defend their territory, draw in females, and show dominance over other males. The clucks are used to convey a range of emotions, including contentment, alarm, and distress, as well as to communicate with each other and their chicks.

Additional Tips for Identifying Male and Female Turkeys

Look for spurs on the legs: Male turkeys have sharp spurs on the back of their legs, which are used for fighting with other males. Hens do not have spurs.
Observe the droppings: The droppings of male turkeys are typically in a J-shape, while the droppings of female turkeys are in a spiral shape.
Pay attention to the time of year: During the breeding season (spring), male turkeys are more likely to be displaying their plumage and making gobbling sounds. Outside of the breeding season, it can be more difficult to distinguish between the sexes.

By paying attention to the physical appearance, behavior, and vocalizations of turkeys, you can easily tell the difference between male and female birds Whether you’re a seasoned birdwatcher or just a curious nature enthusiast, understanding these key differences will enhance your appreciation for these fascinating creatures So, the next time you see a turkey, take a closer look and see if you can identify its sex!

Tom or Hen Turkey Poult? How To Tell the Difference

FAQ

Is there a difference between male and female turkey meat?

The sex designation of “hen” (female) or “tom” (male) turkey is optional on the label, and is an indication of size. Toms are larger but both toms and hens should be equally tender.

Do female turkeys have wattles?

Both male and female wild turkeys have both wattles and snoods, but they are much more prominent and noticeable in males, called toms. This is helpful during mating season, when extra blood rushes to the wattle, giving it a bright scarlet color.

What is a male turkey called vs female turkey?

Adult male turkeys are called gobblers. Juvenile males are called jakes. Gobblers average around 18-22 pounds and can have a wingspan of 5 feet. Adult female turkeys are called hens.

How do you tell the difference between a hen and a Jake turkey?

When a jake, or juvenile male, displays his fan, the central tail feathers stick up an inch or two above the rest of the fan. A hen’s head is typically dull gray or blue in color. Males’ heads can appear bright blue, red, or white, depending on their level of excitement.