Pork Chop Hill: A Contested Outpost in the Korean War

Pork Chop Hill, officially designated as Hill 255, was a strategic outpost in the Korean War that witnessed intense fighting between United Nations (UN) forces and Chinese troops. This article delves into the location, historical significance, and key events surrounding the Battle of Pork Chop Hill, providing a comprehensive overview of this pivotal conflict.

Location

Pork Chop Hill is situated north of Yeoncheon, South Korea, near the border with North Korea. Its strategic importance stemmed from its elevation of 300 meters (980 feet), offering a commanding view of the surrounding terrain.

Historical Significance

The Battle of Pork Chop Hill occurred in two phases: April 16-18 and July 6-11, 1953. The first battle resulted in a UN victory, while the second battle ended with the Chinese regaining control of the hill. The fighting was characterized by fierce hand-to-hand combat and heavy casualties on both sides.

First Battle (April 16-18, 1953)

• Initial Attack: On April 16, 1953, Chinese forces launched a surprise night attack on Pork Chop Hill, quickly overrunning the US 31st Infantry’s Company E.
• Counterattack: The US 31st and 17th Infantry Regiments counterattacked, engaging in intense fighting to retake the hill.
• Casualties: The first battle resulted in 104 US casualties and an unknown number of Chinese casualties.

Second Battle (July 6-11, 1953)

• Renewed Attack: On July 6, 1953, Chinese forces launched another night attack on Pork Chop Hill, this time with larger numbers.
• Intense Fighting: The battle raged for five days, with both sides committing significant reinforcements.
• Withdrawal: On July 11, 1953, the US forces withdrew from Pork Chop Hill, ending the second battle.

Casualties

The second battle resulted in 243 US casualties, approximately 15 South Korean casualties, and an estimated 1,500-4,000 Chinese casualties.

Aftermath

The Battle of Pork Chop Hill was a costly and controversial conflict. The US forces ultimately withdrew from the hill, but the fighting highlighted the determination and resilience of both sides. The Korean Armistice Agreement was signed less than three weeks after the second battle, ending the Korean War.

Pork Chop Hill remains a significant historical site, serving as a reminder of the sacrifices made during the Korean War. The intense fighting and heavy casualties underscore the strategic importance of the hill and the determination of both sides to control it. Today, Pork Chop Hill is a symbol of the courage and sacrifice of those who fought in the Korean War.