67-year annual average: 921992-2001: 206Record year: 367 (1999)Best chance to see: Early November. Longterm trends: Increasing slowly, probably in response to northward expansion of breeding range into southern Canada.
Are turkey vultures birds of prey? The answer might surprise you! While they share some similarities with other raptors, like sharp eyesight and powerful wings, they belong to a different family altogether. In fact, the turkey vulture’s closest relatives are storks, not eagles, hawks, or falcons.
But don’t let that fool you. Turkey vultures are fascinating creatures in their own right, playing a vital role in our ecosystem. They’re nature’s clean-up crew, helping to keep our environment healthy by consuming carrion, or dead animals.
So, let’s dive deeper into the world of turkey vultures and uncover their unique characteristics, behaviors and importance to our planet.
The Turkey Vulture: A Closer Look
Appearance:
- Size: With a wingspan of up to 6.5 feet and a body length of 2.5 to 3 feet, the turkey vulture is a large bird.
- Color: Their plumage is dark brown, except for the underside of their wings, which are a silvery-gray.
- Head: Their most distinctive feature is their featherless head, which is bright red in adults and gray in juveniles.
Behavior:
- Flight: Turkey vultures are masters of soaring, rarely flapping their wings. They often hold their wings in a “V” shape above their backs, creating a dihedral that helps stabilize their flight.
- Social: These birds are quite social, often flying and roosting in large groups called “kettles.”
- Diet: As mentioned earlier, turkey vultures are scavengers, feeding almost exclusively on carrion. They have an excellent sense of smell, which helps them locate food sources.
Habitat:
Turkey vultures are found throughout the Americas, from southern Canada to the southern tip of South America. They can be found in a variety of habitats, including forests, grasslands, and even urban areas.
Nesting:
Unlike many other birds, turkey vultures don’t build nests. Instead, they lay their eggs in dark, secluded places like caves, crevices, and hollow logs. They typically lay two eggs, which are incubated by both parents for about five weeks.
Importance:
Turkey vultures play a crucial role in maintaining a healthy ecosystem. By consuming carrion, they help to prevent the spread of disease and keep our environment clean. They also provide a valuable food source for other animals, such as insects and small mammals.
Turkey Vultures vs. Other Birds of Prey
While turkey vultures share some similarities with other birds of prey, there are also some key differences. Here’s a quick breakdown:
Similarities:
- Both have sharp eyesight and powerful wings.
- Both are carnivorous and play a role in the ecosystem.
Differences:
- Taxonomy: Turkey vultures belong to the Cathartidae family, while other birds of prey belong to the Accipitridae or Falconidae families.
- Diet: Turkey vultures are scavengers, while other birds of prey typically hunt live prey.
- Head: Turkey vultures have featherless heads, while other birds of prey have feathered heads.
- Flight: Turkey vultures soar more often than other birds of prey, which tend to flap their wings more frequently.
Fun Facts About Turkey Vultures
- They can fly up to 200 miles in a single day.
- They have a strong sense of smell, which allows them to detect carrion from miles away.
- They are immune to many diseases that would be fatal to other animals.
- They play a role in mythology and folklore around the world.
Turkey vultures are often misunderstood and even feared, but they are truly amazing creatures that play a vital role in our ecosystem. By learning more about these fascinating birds, we can appreciate their importance and work to protect them.
Additional Resources:
- The Peregrine Fund: https://peregrinefund.org/explore-raptors-species/vultures/turkey-vulture
- Hawk Mountain Sanctuary: https://www.hawkmountain.org/raptors/turkey-vulture
A.K.A. T., Turkey Buzzard
Field marks: Large, dark brown, heavy-bodied and small-headed, carrion-eating bird, with a longish tail and two-toned underwings. Wings held above the horizontal in a strong dihedral, or “V. ”.
Flight behavior: Typically migrates in flocks of up to hundreds of birds. Soars extensively on migration. Often rocks from side to side while soaring. Rarely flaps. Uses thermals; rarely migrates early in the morning or late in the afternoon. Local populations present through early December.
What Size is a Turkey Vulture?
- comprise the seven species of New World Vultures that make up the family Cathartidae.
- are called so because they resemble wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) with their red, featherless heads.
- Even though they eat mostly dead animals, or carrion, they occasionally take live prey.
- Are the most migratory of all vultures.
- Their plumage is dark brown, not black.
- Turkey vultures create a slight dihedral to help stabilize their flight in turbulent air by holding their wings in a “V” above their backs.
- Often roost in groups of several hundred birds.
- possess a keen sense of smell that allows them to locate carrion both visually and olfactory.
- Communicate vocally in hisses and grunts.
- Nestling Turkey Vultures projectile vomit to defend themselves.
- Are unable to carry off their carrion.