Demystifying Baked Beans: Exploring the Bean Varieties Behind This Classic Comfort Food

Baked beans hold a special place in many people’s hearts. This satisfying, sauce-smothered bean dish graces breakfast and barbecue menus across America and Europe. But have you ever wondered – what exactly is a “baked bean”? Which bean varieties go into making this iconic comfort food?

In this article, I’ll uncover the origins and key ingredients behind true baked beans You’ll learn the bean type most commonly used, along with substitutes that work I’ll also share tips for choosing quality canned or dry beans and cooking up the perfect pot of baked beans from scratch. Let’s dive in!

Traditional Baked Beans Start With the Humble Navy Bean

So what is the bean found in traditional baked beans? The most authentic variety is the navy bean, also called the haricot bean. Originally named “pea beans”, this small, oval white bean has been baked into savory bean dishes since the 16th century.

In the United States, commercially canned “Boston baked beans” typically contain navy beans simmered with salt pork and molasses. In England smaller haricot beans often go into canned baked beans recipes.

Compared to other white beans, navy beans feature a very smooth creamy texture that breaks down nicely when cooked low and slow for baked beans. Their mild flavor also allows the surrounding sauce to shine.

The Versatility of the Trusty Navy Bean

While best known for baked beans, navy beans offer versatility beyond this single dish:

• Make classic navy bean soup. The beans achieve a silky consistency.

• Mash them into dips and spreads. Beans easily purée smooth.

• Toss them in pasta salads for extra protein. They hold their shape after cooking.

• Mix them into rice pilafs. Beans add nutrition and satisfaction.

• Add to veggie burgers to bind and bulk up patties.

So keep a bag of navy beans on hand for all kinds of recipes beyond baked beans!

Other Common Bean Types for Baked Bean Recipes

While navy beans may be the most traditional choice, any small, plump bean can substitute in baked bean recipes with great success. Some top options include:

Great Northern Beans

These large, white beans become very soft when cooked. They work beautifully in baked beans, absorbing the surrounding flavors. The beans easily break down into a creamy texture.

Cannellini Beans

A classic for minestrone soup, these medium-sized white kidney beans also suit baked bean recipes. They become soft and creamy when cooked low and slow.

Pinto Beans

The speckled pink skin of pinto beans lends visual appeal. When baked long enough, they achieve the ideal tender texture. Impart a subtle earthiness.

Black Beans

For a fun twist, try baked black beans. Black beans maintain their shape nicely while baking to just the right tenderness.

Mixed Bean Medley

Use a mix of whichever bean varieties you enjoy. The colors and textures create interest while the flavors meld.

Choosing Quality Beans for Your Baked Beans

To achieve the best flavor and texture, start with high quality dried or canned beans. Here’s what to look for:

Dried Beans

• Purchase from markets with good turnover to ensure freshness

• Inspect for any shriveled, discolored beans and avoid

• Opt for beans without small holes which can indicate hidden insects

• Store dried beans in airtight containers in a cool, dry spot

Canned Beans

• Select cans without any major dents, bulges or rust

• Give cans a shake to check beans aren’t mushy from being overcooked

• Look for low-sodium or no-salt-added options

• Rinse and drain beans before use to remove excess sodium

• Transfer unused portions to airtight containers and refrigerate up to 5 days

With sound beans in hand, you’re ready to bake!

Master Recipe: How to Make Baked Beans From Scratch

Now let’s discuss how to transform your beans into rich, savory baked beans at home.

Ingredients:

• 1 pound dried navy, great northern or other beans
• 6 cups water or vegetable broth
• 1 yellow onion, chopped
• 3 cloves garlic, minced
• 4 ounces salt pork, bacon or ham (optional)
• 1⁄4 cup molasses
• 2 tablespoons brown sugar
• 1 tablespoon mustard powder or mustard
• 1 teaspoon salt
• 1⁄4 teaspoon pepper

Instructions:

1. Soak beans overnight. Drain and rinse.

2. Simmer beans, water/broth, onion, garlic and salt pork gently for 1 hour until beans are just tender.

3. Preheat oven to 325°F.

4. Mix in molasses, brown sugar, mustard, salt and pepper.

5. Bake uncovered 2 hours, stirring occasionally.

6. Remove salt pork. Mash some beans against pot sides to thicken.

7. Bake another 30 minutes until thickened and beans reach desired softness.

8. Adjust salt, spices and molasses to taste.

9. Serve warm alone or with baked ham, cornbread and greens.

With the classic navy bean as your starting point and this easy recipe, you can now enjoy homemade baked bean comfort in all its glory!

Bottom Line: Navy Beans Reign Supreme in Baked Beans

From this exploration, we can conclusively say the navy or haricot bean, with its small size, mild taste and creamy texture, remains the variety best suited for authentic baked beans. But feel free to get creative and use other beans too! Just be sure to soak and cook your beans thoroughly until very soft and tender.

Hopefully you’re now inspired to whip up the perfect pot of baked beans from scratch. So grab some navy beans and get to baking this iconic comfort food. Your family will be begging for seconds!